Hate Crimes Essays - Racism, Discrimination, Hate Crime,

Hate Crimes Fear, anger and frustration. These are three themes that run throughout all hate groups. Most hate groups form during times of economic hardship or social change. Certain groups of people begin to blame another group for the reason of a major social or economical change. After the Civil War, the South suffered from both economic hardship and drastic social change. For centuries, the south had relied on slaves to harvest crops at plantations. When the slaves were freed, the plantations weren't being worked on anymore, causing the owners to loose a lot of money. When this happened, six former Confederate soldiers started a hate group called the Ku Klux Klan. During the post-Civil War era, the Klan was very popular among southern whites. Their ignorance was feeding the fire that blacks were the root of their problem, when in reality the white's ignorance is the root of their own problems. The Klan has since died down and risen numerous times with the start of many social changes such as the women's rights movement (1920's) and the civil rights movement (1960's). Another large and devastating hate group is the neo-Nazis. These working-class people blame all immigrants for taking jobs away from the whites. Their ignorance pushes them so far as to violently attack and kill blacks, Jews, Hispanics, Asians, and homosexuals. Hate crimes can happen anytime, anywhere. In a small Texas town of Jasper, Texas, 3 white men are under heavy guard after being accused of a murder of an innocent man. Shawn Berry,23, Lawrence Brewer,31, and John King, 23, allegedly members of the extremist Aryan Brotherhood, dragged a black man to his death behind a pick-up truck, ripping his body to pieces. James Byrd, Jr., a 49 year-old, former vacuum cleaner salesman disabled by an arm injury, was walking home from a party celebrating the wedding of his niece, when he was picked up by the three white men, who offered him a ride. According to Berry, who informed on his two companions, they drove to an isolated wood, and King was alleged to have said that he was ?fixing to scare the s**t out of that n****r.? James Byrd was beaten and kicked by the three white men. Seemingly unconscious, he was chained by the ankles to a hook on the back of the truck, which then pulled him about two miles along a narrow, winding asphalt road. His belongings, a wallet and keys, were scattered in his wake, along with dentures and parts of his body. The torso was found in a creek. Close by, empty beer cans were scattered on the grass. James Byrd's head, neck and right arm were discovered a mile away. Hate crimes are not always committed against minorities. In Las Vegas, two Anti-Racist Action members were murdered. According to reports in the Las Vegas Review-Journal and from Anti-Racist Action in Columbus, the bodies of Daniel Shersty, 20, and Lin Newborn, 25, were found in the desert 150 yards from each other. The bodies were located in an area of the desert known for a place where Nazis target shoot. The two men were murdered in execution style slayings. Sometimes these horrible crimes occur within one's own family. On the night of March 5, David and Bryan Freeman decided it was time to act. Time to act on the new beliefs they had learned. Time to prove to their new friends that they were real soldiers of the racial war they were told was coming. On that Sunday night, hate came to the Freeman house. The boys, ages 15 and 17, ambushed their mother in the downstairs hallway, stabbing and clubbing her until she died. Then they went upstairs and did the same to their dad while he lay in his bed. Their little brother Erik, 11, was asleep when the older brothers entered his room and beat him to death as well. What would make people commit such horrendous crimes such as these? Why don't you ask Mark Thomas, a fascist organizer who operates a ?ministry for racists? in eastern Pennsylvania. It was at this ?Aryan Nations of Pennsylvania? where the Freeman brothers were taught by Mark Thomas that it was O.K. to hate. The brothers, along with hundreds of others attended a Hitler Youth Festival last April where Mark Thomas taught them weapons skills on a rifle range and other things of the sort. As a self declared reverend, Mark Thomas teaches a twisted religious known

Free Essays on Contracts

Contracts are promises that the law will enforce. The law provides remedies if a promise is breached or recognizes the performance of a promise as a duty. Contracts arise when a duty does or may come into existence, because of a promise made by one of the parties. To be legally binding as a contract, a promise must be exchanged for adequate consideration. Adequate consideration is a benefit or detriment which a party receives which reasonably and fairly induces them to make the promise/contract . For example, promises that are purely gifts are not considered enforceable because the personal satisfaction the grantor of the promise may receive from the act of giving is normally not considered adequate consideration. Certain promises that are not considered contracts may, in limited circumstances, be enforced if one party has relied to his detriment on the assurances of the other party. Contracts are mainly governed by state statutory and common (judge-made) law and private law. Privat e law principally includes the terms of the agreement between the parties who are exchanging promises. This private law may override many of the rules otherwise established by state law. Statutory law may require some contracts be put in writing and executed with particular formalities. Otherwise, the parties may enter into a binding agreement without signing a formal written document. Most of the principles of the common law of contracts are outlined in the Restatement Second of The Law of Contracts published by the American Law Institute.... Free Essays on Contracts Free Essays on Contracts Contracts are promises that the law will enforce. The law provides remedies if a promise is breached or recognizes the performance of a promise as a duty. Contracts arise when a duty does or may come into existence, because of a promise made by one of the parties. To be legally binding as a contract, a promise must be exchanged for adequate consideration. Adequate consideration is a benefit or detriment which a party receives which reasonably and fairly induces them to make the promise/contract . For example, promises that are purely gifts are not considered enforceable because the personal satisfaction the grantor of the promise may receive from the act of giving is normally not considered adequate consideration. Certain promises that are not considered contracts may, in limited circumstances, be enforced if one party has relied to his detriment on the assurances of the other party. Contracts are mainly governed by state statutory and common (judge-made) law and private law. Privat e law principally includes the terms of the agreement between the parties who are exchanging promises. This private law may override many of the rules otherwise established by state law. Statutory law may require some contracts be put in writing and executed with particular formalities. Otherwise, the parties may enter into a binding agreement without signing a formal written document. Most of the principles of the common law of contracts are outlined in the Restatement Second of The Law of Contracts published by the American Law Institute....

ARCADIA GROUP -TOPSHOP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

ARCADIA GROUP -TOPSHOP - Essay Example This paper examines the current strategic position, strategic audit and review systems within the firm. In addition, it also considers environmental influence by evaluating the political, economical, sociological and technological aspects that define the nature and scope of their operations. Introduction: Top Shop, as an international retailer, focuses on fashion clothing, cosmetics, shoes and other accessories. It has about 440 shops across 37 countries and online processes in a quantity of its markets. Top Shop was established in 1964 as Peter Robinson's Top Shop, in the Sheffield division of Peter Robinson, a now defunct British area store series. The first separate Top Shop store was established in 1970. It is the single largest supporter of rising design talent in the United Kingdom. The company has sponsored a scheme for New Generation at Fashion Week of London for a decade, one of the most globally accepted talent schemes of fashion designing, besides sponsoring Fashion East s ince 2003. This shop is also the only high street brand to demonstrate on schedule at London Fashion Week with in-house unique designs, thus it becomes clear that the firm is inseparable from London Fashion Week. ... Ranging from the petite and tall ranges to that of vintage treasure as well as boutique classics, the firm’s keen interest for scintillating design is what keeps it one step ahead of other competitors in the market. It is pertinent to quote â€Å"A formal education nowadays can make a difference when applying for and landing fashion design jobs† (My Five Goal Career Path to Becoming a Fashion Designer, n.d., p.2). Strategic Review: Aspiring fashion designers must use imaginative techniques to barge into the business, while getting citizens thrilled about buying their clothes. Soliciting online swapping and reviews links with like-minded traders are two of the well-liked strategies. Mission: The Mission of the Arcadia Group (Top Shop) is to provide business solutions, identify and execute management models for new business enterprises and create global connections for investors and innovators. Goals: Construct a strong basis of experience, skills and knowledge in fashion , stitching, and creativity. Build a solid system of citizens and companies in the industry. Enhance instructional supply funds. Secure software programs widely used in industry. Acquire financial support for upgrading and technology. Build up, expand and hold a consistent successful fashion design business. Objectives: Top Shop is a subsidiary company of the Arcadia Group. The particular objectives of a company are frequently not made public as it could help competitor companies. The Arcadia group though does have an obvious code of conduct which they follow. Dealers to the company are also inclined to obey this code of conduct. Construct Brand Presence in key metropolitan cities of the nation within 6 months to a year To start 8 outlets

Civil Religion in Israel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Civil Religion in Israel - Essay Example Indeed, De Lange argues that, â€Å"Jews today are more deeply divided than at any time in the past on the theory and practice of their religion. The divisions are visible in the existence of a multiplicity of synagogues in some towns, all proclaiming that they hold the key to true Judaism† (De Lange, pg. 67). In recent history one of the crucial periods of the Judaic tradition was the time immediately surrounding the pre-state and post-state periods. During this period in Jewish history the religion experienced tremendous internal strife and influence from political elements within Judaism that sought that co-opt the traditional Jewish religion for a civil religion that would promote and eventually realize the development of a Jewish state, Israel. This essay argues that during this period the Jewish religion, later civil religion, went through a series of evolutionary patterns in terms of influence and change. The essay explores this evolutionary development from the pre-sta te period, wherein Zionist elements shifted elements of the religious structure to emphasize statehood; it then considers the statism period wherein Judaism was fully co-opted by the state; and finally, the post-statism period where in a struggle for legitimacy the civil religion was forced to shift back to more traditional values. Throughout this examination of the shifting nature of the civil religion, a number of observations are made, with the overarching contention being that Jewish leaders consciously re-interpreted scripture in accord with political aims. Background One of the primary elements in the evolution of the Jewish religion considers it in relation to the emancipatory movements of the 18th and 19th centuries. In these regards, it’s been indicated that these movements presented a great amount of pressure of Jewish collective identity, having a corresponding effect on Jewish religious practices. In these regards, emphasis on balaka changed considerably, with the emancipation process deemphasizing many of these aspects of Jewish law (Dowty 2001). The main point in these concerns regards was the extent that the Jewish religion in Israel should conform to Western culture and values. In terms of altering Jewish religious practices, the main changes proposed related to whether the Jewish religion should be changed to conform to national standards, or if Judaism should continue to follow its standard tradition. While this had been a long-standing element of concern within Judaism the emancipation movement constituted a pivotal element in this regard. In consider essential elements related to Judaism in the 20th century, this essay argues that one of the primary thematic elements is the dynamic relation between political concerns and religious identity, resulting in philosophic fluctuations regarding Jewish spiritual practices. Early thinkers considered the questions that would later play pivotal roles in terms of the Jewish religion in Israel. I n these regards, it’s noted that Haim Yosef Brenner, â€Å"denied that Judaism was defined by specific patterns of life or values, or that the Jewish people had any special mission. He refused to recognize secular nationalism as a legitimate transformation of the Jewish traditional and eschewed ‘any ideology offering itself as equivalent to religious belief† (Liebman, pg. 27). This is a view of Judaism that ran counter to Zionist beliefs in a sort of secular nationalism. One must consider the intentions of the Zionist movement in regards to that of traditional Judaism when understanding the divergent patterns. It’s argued that the Zionist concern with attracting supporters and adherents

Disease Focus Pseudomonas aeruginosa Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Disease Focus Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Assignment Example Besides hospitalization and a weakened immune system, other risks factors that result into acquisition of pseudomonas infections includes serious illness, invasive medical procedures especially surgery and long-term treatment with antibiotics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exists as the most common bacterial infection that largely affects heart and blood of weak patients. The bacterium infects heart valves of patients who are intravenous drug abusers or with artificial heart valves. Within the blood, pseudomonas causes bacteremia, commonly found amongst blood cancer patients or those who has pseudomonas infections in other parts of the body. The rod-shaped bacteria also cause eye and ear infections especially in cases of injury and old age respectively. In adults, pseudomonas aeruginosa normally causes detrimental ear infections resulting into hearing complications, death, or facial paralysis. Injury problems, extensive burns, extensive use of contact lenses, and corticosteroid eye medications normally act as risk factors for potential pseudomonas infection. There also exists potential respiratory tract -pseudomonas infection amongst adults resulting into community-acquired pneumonia. In most cases, sick adults normally show higher prevalence of severe community-acquired pneumonia. Urinary tract also acts as a potential infection site for pseudomonas aeruginosa. Such urinary tract pseudomonas infections results from medical instruments, after surgery, or due to catheterization. Lung also acts as potential site for pseudomonas aeruginosa infection mainly due to risk factors including chronic lung diseases, congestive heart failure, cystic fibrosis, or antibiotic therapy (CDC, 2014). According to the Gilbert et al., 2014 skin and soft tissue exists as the most common potential site for pseudomonas aeruginosa infection (Gilbert et al., 2014). It is imperative to

Analysing The Type Of Curriculum Which Is Better English Language Essay

Analysing The Type Of Curriculum Which Is Better English Language Essay Education system is various in different countries and its strategies for effective learning are not the same. For example, American education mostly focuses on learning skill while education in Vietnam favors in learning the core of knowledge. In the article We should cherish Our Childrens Freedom to Think, by Kie Ho, Ho supports his opinion on learning skill in America that gives students benefits in creativities, freedom, and motivation much than it does in Indonesia. In contrast, according to E.D. Hirsch in Teach Knowledge, Not Mental Skills states that core- knowledge is more effective than learning skill. Learning skill is not consistent and so vague while core knowledge is not. With Core knowledge, students will learn the same foundation, so teacher can lead them forward. With me, I used to attend schools in Vietnam and have now been attending in an American school. I preferred learning skill method because it gives me the ways to learn something effectively in creativities, f reedom, and motivation. The most important thing that learning skill in the U.S becomes effective is freedom. Freedom means that people can freely write, speak and create. In the independent country, America, people have the right to expose their ideas or criticize things freely. As long as Americans do not commit any illegal action, they can criticize anyone, even the president, without taking any sequences. Why will freedom rarely take place in other countries, such as Vietnam? The reason is because Vietnamese dont really have freedom. In Vietnam, people should not do bad thing, such as they cannot speak or write something badly to government or country. If yes, people will be able to be forced in the jails. Of course, it is unpatriotic, so it will able to affect the survival of a country. For example, I read news regarding propel, but I did not remember where I got it. It is about that a group in Vietnam incited citizens against to government. Moreover, they passed out and wrote something distinguished t o citizens that Vietnamese government was corrupted. Their purposes were to destroy current government and to establish a new country; as a result, they were arrested after policemen found out their plot. Therefore, they are not really freely because they cannot speak or write something that they express the ideas to outside. Like Ho, he questioned where a history student could act as Lyndon in free controversy against another student pretending to be Ho Chi Minh in any country other than America. It would be unimaginable for a Japanese student to do the same regarding Hirohito played in the World War II (2007). Without freedom, I think people cannot be allowed to create motivation. If students may not be creative, they will not exceed their knowledge. Learning Skill is creative. It gives me to invent much in study. In Vietnam, teachers always require students to memorize all materials in the books, so students cannot have opportunities to create their own ideas. For example, when I was in twelfth grade, I crammed one long three-page poem in one night. Even though I stayed up until 2:00, I could not memorize that poem at all. As a result, I failed the test the next day. On the hand, I do not have to remember all information in the U.S classes. My Intercultural Studies ( ICS5) class that I took the last quarter is an example. My ICS5 teacher taught us History of African American Art. There she gave a lot of information embodied through paintings, sculptures in her lectures. Of course, she did not ask us to learn all everything in the lectures. She only asked us to create our ideas by giving feedbacks and feelings to which paintings and sculptures she mentioned. I learned a lot from her class because she gave me interest on learning diverse ethnic, cultural, and racial heritages in History of African American Art that I have ever known. Like Ho, he has educational experiences in Indonesia. He followed the rules of teachers that he had to remember the whole Hamlets play perfectly; in contrast, his son learned it in a different way by creating a love letter to Juliet or Shakespeare. He said, When I was 18, I had to memorize Hamlets To be or not to be soliloquy flawlessly. In his English class, my son was assigned to write a love letter to Juliet, either in Shakespearean jargon or in modern lingo (Ho, 2007, p.113). In addition, he supports one more detail on creative geography. Instead of memorizing the names of all main cities in the world, his son only drafted the map which demonstrates the route- including the names of the streets, and buildings- from his house to school (Ho, 2007). I think creative skill helps student study effectively. Therefore, creative skills also motivate students to study the best. The last thing leading the effective learning skill is motivate. Motivation helps students get more actives in the study. They can freely talk, express their ideas, and make their own decision. With active motivations, they can be encouraged to finish their work successfully. Decision making is kind of active motivation as a typical example. In the U.S, students have chances to make their own decision. Students can interrupt their teachers while they are teaching. And then, they can say their decision that they are making. Also, teachers motivate students to invent something new that they have never seen. Wow, that is great to give student logically critical thinking on their decision. Consequently, that motivation barely takes place in Vietnam. Vietnamese students are so passive. It means that they are mostly silent and unmotivated in the classes. As long as teachers ask a question, students can only raise their hands and answer to questions. In addition, teachers do not have enough time to give students a chance to make their own decision. Teachers only go to class, finish their job and then give homework to students. Of course, students have to complete homework due on the certain date. So, it is the reason why students can use the best their critical thinking on solving the tough solution. According to Ho, he also points out that unlike his son, he was also obedient to teachers and had no choice to make his decisions. The only thing that Indonesian students just act is to listen and to answer only when asked, give the only correct answer as well. His son, in contrast, is very motivated. He absolutely made his own decision and got an A even though he was laughing in the class. (2007). Therefore, I like active motivation because it plays an important in the success of learning skill. In short, people can choose learning skill or core knowledge as their strategies for effective learning. However, learning skill is better I believe because it gives me freedom, creativities, and motivation. Living in the independent country, America, three main factors: freedom, creativities, and motivation are very useful. Even though American education is not considered to meet the high standard in such basic skills as mathematics, and language ( Ho, 2007, 113), I think it is enough to increase the country as a modern country with a high innovation technique.

Huck Finn Novel Analysis :: essays papers

Huck Finn Novel Analysis I. Setting The story of Huck Finn begins in his hometown of Hannibal, Missouri. Then the setting changes to Jackson Island because Huck decides to run away and live there. After that the setting changes to the Mississippi River and various towns alongside, when Jim and Huck decide they are heading to a state where Jim will be free. The setting immediately reflects the tone of the book because the book is written in a southern dialect and the story is set in the south. The setting is crucial to the actions in the book. If Huck lived in a state where slaves were free, then there would have been no need for Huck and Jim to travel the Mississippi looking for a state where Jim would be a free man. If they had not traveled up the Mississippi then there would not have been any adventures of Huck Finn. II. Characters The protagonist in this story is Jim, a runaway slave. He always looks out for those around him, especially Huck. The three other major characters in the story are Huck Finn, the king, and the duke. Huck Finn is the main character in the story and Jim’s best friend. The king and the duke are thieves who force Huck and Jim to let them on their boat. Jim and Huck are dynamic characters. Their personalities and feelings on issues change throughout the story. The king and the duke are static characters. They are greedy thieves only out for themselves and they remain this way throughout the entire story. Two minor characters in this story are Mary Jane and the Widow Douglas.

Chinas one child policy

In the mid-twentieth century, the Chinese government believed that a large population would turn China into a strong nation. The people were encouraged to have large families. However, this resulted in a population increase of 55 million every three years. With the massive population increase, the state realised that it might lead to famine as the food demand would exceed supply. To avoid a Malthusian disaster, the government decided to control the population growth by introducing the one-child policy. The limits each couple to bear only one child (with the exception of identical twins). In addition, the marriageable age for men was raised to 22, and for women to 20. This meant couples would bear a child later than it used to be. Couples who conformed were allowed free education for their child, priority housing and other benefits. On the other hand, those who did not were fined heavily. Unfortunately after the policy was introduced, infanticide occurred. From tradition, male decedents were always preferred as they carry their family names from generation to generation. As couples were only allowed one child, girls were quite often abandoned, or even killed so they could have another chance of getting a boy. This occurred more often in rural areas, where there were less control from the government, and also where traditions held stronger. The preference of getting a male child also meant a higher male to female ratio. As a result the population growth rate would decrease. Although it can be seen as a good thing and is the whole point of the policy, the fertility rate might lower to a point where reproduction occurred very rarely. Another problem the Chinese government faced was that it was quite easy for couples to hide their child. Many people had more than one child without the government knowing. These children were not registered and could not receive any benefits which were available for all other children – not even medical care or education. Later in life, there would be difficulty in obtaining permission from the government to marry as they were not registered. Having only one child per couple, parents could easily indulge their child. As a result, â€Å"little emperors were emerged†. It was also speculated that it would result in poor communication and cooperative skills amongst the younger generation due to the lack of siblings. Lastly, many people from the Western society criticised the policy as an assault on human rights. Women were often forced to abort the child if she already had one. Many people saw this as murder and violation in human right. Despite all these problems, the one child policy did reduce the population and a â€Å"Malthusian disaster† was avoided. In 2007, China's population was roughly 1.3 billion; it was predicted to be 25% higher if not for the one-child policy. Population structure of China in 2000. The base of the pyramid is expected to be wider if the one-child policy was not in place. The decrease in population growth rate seems to have a positive effect on economic growth. There was less demand on natural resources to support the needs of the population, which in turn reduced the strains on the natural environment. There was less unemployment due to labour surplus. The individual saving rate was increased since the introduction of the policy. This was due to less money being spent on children, and in turn allows people more money to invest. It is also reported that women received better health care services. The number of women who died from pregnancy and the infant mortality rate had decreased. In conclusion, the one-child policy was not a perfect solution, but it was almost inevitable as China's population was growing so fast that famine was bound to occur if it was not controlled. However, perhaps a more relaxed policy could have achieved the same results. I personally think that a two-child policy might have been better. It would stabilise the population, as well giving the people more freedom and possibly solve the problem of imbalance sex ratio. Chinas one child policy In the mid-twentieth century, the Chinese government believed that a large population would turn China into a strong nation. The people were encouraged to have large families. However, this resulted in a population increase of 55 million every three years. With the massive population increase, the state realised that it might lead to famine as the food demand would exceed supply. To avoid a Malthusian disaster, the government decided to control the population growth by introducing the one-child policy. The limits each couple to bear only one child (with the exception of identical twins). In addition, the marriageable age for men was raised to 22, and for women to 20. This meant couples would bear a child later than it used to be. Couples who conformed were allowed free education for their child, priority housing and other benefits. On the other hand, those who did not were fined heavily. Unfortunately after the policy was introduced, infanticide occurred. From tradition, male decedents were always preferred as they carry their family names from generation to generation. As couples were only allowed one child, girls were quite often abandoned, or even killed so they could have another chance of getting a boy. This occurred more often in rural areas, where there were less control from the government, and also where traditions held stronger. The preference of getting a male child also meant a higher male to female ratio. As a result the population growth rate would decrease. Although it can be seen as a good thing and is the whole point of the policy, the fertility rate might lower to a point where reproduction occurred very rarely. Another problem the Chinese government faced was that it was quite easy for couples to hide their child. Many people had more than one child without the government knowing. These children were not registered and could not receive any benefits which were available for all other children – not even medical care or education. Later in life, there would be difficulty in obtaining permission from the government to marry as they were not registered. Having only one child per couple, parents could easily indulge their child. As a result, â€Å"little emperors were emerged†. It was also speculated that it would result in poor communication and cooperative skills amongst the younger generation due to the lack of siblings. Lastly, many people from the Western society criticised the policy as an assault on human rights. Women were often forced to abort the child if she already had one. Many people saw this as murder and violation in human right. Despite all these problems, the one child policy did reduce the population and a â€Å"Malthusian disaster† was avoided. In 2007, China's population was roughly 1.3 billion; it was predicted to be 25% higher if not for the one-child policy. Population structure of China in 2000. The base of the pyramid is expected to be wider if the one-child policy was not in place. The decrease in population growth rate seems to have a positive effect on economic growth. There was less demand on natural resources to support the needs of the population, which in turn reduced the strains on the natural environment. There was less unemployment due to labour surplus. The individual saving rate was increased since the introduction of the policy. This was due to less money being spent on children, and in turn allows people more money to invest. It is also reported that women received better health care services. The number of women who died from pregnancy and the infant mortality rate had decreased. In conclusion, the one-child policy was not a perfect solution, but it was almost inevitable as China's population was growing so fast that famine was bound to occur if it was not controlled. However, perhaps a more relaxed policy could have achieved the same results. I personally think that a two-child policy might have been better. It would stabilise the population, as well giving the people more freedom and possibly solve the problem of imbalance sex ratio.

English Writing Courses Online Free but with Pitfalls

English Writing Courses Online Free but with Pitfalls English Writing Courses Online: Free but with Pitfalls If Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u are intÐ µrÐ µÃ'•ted Ã'â€"n the wrÃ'â€"ting career, Ã'â€"t Ã' Ã °n bÐ µ useful to check out a Ã'•Ð µlÐ µÃ' tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n Ð ¾f Ð ¾nlÃ'â€"nÐ µ wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng Ã' Ã ¾urÃ'•Ð µÃ'• with thÐ µ Ð °Ã'â€"m of Ã' hÐ ¾Ã ¾Ã'•Ã'â€"ng a program that allows Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u tÐ ¾ bÐ ¾Ã ¾Ã'•t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur Ã'•kÃ'â€"llÃ'• Ð °nd knÐ ¾wlÐ µdgÐ µ. TÐ ¾ take uÃ'€ employment Ð °Ã'• a professional wrÃ'â€"tÐ µr, you do nÐ ¾t necessarily nÐ µÃ µd tÐ ¾ have Ã'•tudÃ'â€"Ð µd EnglÃ'â€"Ã'•h at a hÃ'â€"ghÐ µr level, in fÐ °Ã' t, mÐ °nÃ'Æ' Ð ¾f tÐ ¾dÐ °Ã'Æ'Ã'• mÐ ¾Ã'•t wÐ µll knÐ ¾wn wrÃ'â€"tÐ µrÃ'• Ð °nd jÐ ¾urnÐ °lÃ'â€"Ã'•tÃ'• nÐ µvÐ µr set fÐ ¾Ã ¾t Ã'â€"nÃ'•Ã'â€"dÐ µ a Ã' Ã ¾llÐ µgÐ µ Ð ¾r unÃ'â€"vÐ µrÃ'•Ã'â€"tÃ'Æ'.   OnlÃ'â€"nÐ µ classes Ð ¾bvÃ'â€"Ð ¾uÃ'•lÃ'Æ' hÐ °vÐ µ a numbÐ µr Ð ¾f Ã'â€"nhÐ µrÐ µnt benefits. FÐ ¾r Ã'â€"nÃ'•tÐ °nÃ' Ã µ, you will bÐ µ able tÐ ¾ study at a tÃ'â€"mÐ µ of Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur choosing, as Ã'â€"t Ã'â€"Ã'• often more productive tÐ ¾ lÐ µÃ °rn and Ã'•tudÃ'Æ' from the comfort Ð ¾f your Ð ¾wn hÐ ¾mÐ µ, and uÃ'•uÐ °llÃ'Æ' a Ã'€rÐ ¾grÐ °m Ã' Ã ¾nduÃ' tÐ µd over thÐ µ nÐ µt wÐ ¾uld Ã'â€"nÃ' ur lÐ µÃ'•Ã'• Ð ¾f Ð °n expense than thÐ ¾Ã'•Ð µ run at brÃ'â€"Ã' kÃ'• and mÐ ¾rtÐ °r Ã'â€"nÃ'•tÃ'â€"tutÃ'â€"Ð ¾nÃ'•.   There are not many, if any, worthy English writing courses online free. InÃ'•tÐ µÃ °d Ð ¾f using a search engine tÐ ¾ rÐ °ndÐ ¾mlÃ'Æ' lÐ ¾Ã' Ã °tÐ µ Ð °n Ð °Ã'•Ã'•Ð ¾rtmÐ µnt of courses, Ã'•Ð µÃ °rÃ' h specialist wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng wÐ µbÃ'•Ã'â€"tÐ µÃ'• and fÐ ¾rumÃ'• for Ã'â€"nfÐ ¾rmÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n Ð ¾n quÐ °lÃ'â€"tÃ'Æ' programs. OnÃ' Ã µ Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u have mÐ °dÐ µ a note of a dÐ ¾zÐ µn or Ã'•Ð ¾ Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'•Ã'•Ã'â€"blÐ µ Ð ¾Ã'€tÃ'â€"Ð ¾nÃ'•, Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u should thÐ µn carefully gÐ ¾ Ð ¾vÐ µr thÐ µ Ã' Ã ¾urÃ'•Ð µ description Ð °nd Ã'•Ã'Æ'llÐ °buÃ'• Ð ¾f Ð µÃ °Ã' h Ã'•Ð ¾ that Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u can identify whÃ'â€"Ã' h Ã'€rÐ ¾grÐ °mÃ'• Ð °rÐ µ to Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur lÃ'â€"kÃ'â€"ng. If thÐ µ Ã'€rÐ ¾grÐ °m dÐ ¾Ã µÃ'• nÐ ¾t Ã' Ã ¾vÐ µr thÐ µ tÐ ¾Ã'€Ã'â€"Ã' Ã'• thÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u wÐ °nt, do nÐ ¾t waste your tÃ'â€"mÐ µ by signing uÃ'€, there will bÐ µ Ã'€lÐ µntÃ'Æ' Ð ¾f others thÐ °t mÐ °Ã'Æ' be mÐ ¾rÐ µ Ã'•uÃ'â€"tÐ °blÐ µ.   There are some obvious disadvantages studying online such as: No Personal Contact If you are having a problem understanding an assignment you will have to contact your lecturer online. Teacher – Student interaction can be important. No Peer Pressure When you are in a group of fellow students, friends, there is always a lot of discussion about â€Å"How’s your assignment going?† That aspect will be missing as you have to have self discipline to complete and hand in your work. Easy to ‘Miss’ Class If you are not in the ‘atmosphere’ of a college or learning institution, it’s pretty easy to not turn on your computer to attend a lecture. Home or work distractions can be used as an excuse to skip classes. Less Group Discussions and Bouncing Ideas Online study is a lonely gig. You might be able to join a forum of fellow students, but generally speaking, you are left to your own devices to research topics set by the lecturer. No Formal Certification or Qualification Some online courses are far too easy. Not all of them set exams. It’s more a project, an essay, an assignment that is required. The online course provider’s name is not generally well known, so a degree from that institution might be looked at suspiciously.

Biography of Isabella I, Queen of Spain

Biography of Isabella I, Queen of Spain Isabella I of Spain (April 22, 1451–November 26, 1504) was the queen of Castile and Leà ³n in her own right and, through marriage, became the queen of Aragon.  She  married Ferdinand II of Aragon, bringing the kingdoms together into what became Spain under the rule of her grandson Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor.  She sponsored Columbus voyages to the Americas and was known as  Isabel la Catolica, or Isabella the Catholic, for her role  in purifying the Roman Catholic faith by expelling Jews from her lands and defeating the Moors. Fast Facts: Queen Isabella Known For: Queen of Castile, Leà ³n, and Aragon (became Spain)Also Known As: Isabella the CatholicBorn: April 22, 1451 in Madrigal de las Altas Torres,  CastileParents: King John II of Castile, Isabella of PortugalDied: Nov. 26, 1504 in Medina del Campo, SpainSpouse: Ferdinand II of AragonChildren: Joanna of Castile, Catherine of Aragon, Isabella of Aragon, Maria of Aragon, and John, Prince of Asturias Early Life At her birth on April 22, 1451, Isabella was second in the line of succession to her father, King John II of Castile, following her older half-brother Henry.  She became third in line when her brother Alfonso was born in 1453. Her mother was  Isabella of Portugal, whose father was a son of King John I of Portugal and whose mother was a granddaughter of the same king.  Her fathers father was Henry III of Castile, and his mother was Catherine of Lancaster, the daughter of John of Gaunt (third son of Englands Edward III) and Johns second wife, the Infanta Constance of Castile. Isabellas half-brother became Henry IV, king of Castile, when their father, John II, died in 1454 when Isabella was 3. Isabella was raised by her mother until 1457, when the two children were brought to court by Henry to keep them from being used by opposition nobles. Isabella was well educated.  Her tutors included Beatriz Galindo, a professor at the University at Salamanca in philosophy, rhetoric, and medicine. Succession Henrys first marriage ended in divorce and without children. When his second wife, Joan of Portugal,  gave birth to daughter Juana in 1462, the opposition nobles  claimed that Juana was the daughter of Beltran de la Cueva, duke of Albuquerque. Thus, shes known in history as Juana la Beltraneja. The oppositions attempt to replace Henry with Alfonso failed, with the final defeat coming in July 1468 when Alfonso died of suspected poisoning. historians, however, consider it more likely he succumbed to the plague. He had named Isabella his successor. Isabella was offered the crown by the nobles but she refused, probably because she didnt believe she could maintain that claim in opposition to Henry.  Henry was willing to compromise with the nobles and accept Isabella as his heiress. Marriage Isabella married Ferdinand of Aragon, a second cousin, in October 1469 without Henrys approval. The cardinal of Valentia, Rodrigo Borgia (later Pope Alexander VI), helped Isabel and Ferdinand obtain the necessary papal dispensation, but the couple still had to resort to pretenses and disguises to carry out the ceremony in Valladolid.  Henry withdrew his recognition and named Juana as his heir.  At Henrys death in 1474, a war of succession ensued, with Alfonso V of Portugal, prospective husband of Isabellas rival Juana, supporting Juanas claims. The dispute was settled in 1479 with Isabella recognized as Queen of Castile. Ferdinand by this time had become King of Aragon, and the two ruled both realms with equal authority, unifying Spain. Among their first acts were various reforms to reduce the power of the nobility and increase the power of the crown. After her marriage, Isabella appointed Galindo as tutor to her children. Galindo founded hospitals and schools in Spain, including the Hospital of the Holy Cross in Madrid, and probably served as an adviser to Isabella after she became queen. Catholic Monarchs In 1480, Isabella and Ferdinand instituted the Inquisition in Spain, one of many changes to the role of the church instituted by the monarchs. The Inquisition was aimed mostly at Jews and Muslims who had overtly converted to Christianity but were thought to be practicing their faiths secretly. They were seen as heretics who rejected Roman Catholic orthodoxy. Ferdinand and Isabella were given the title the Catholic monarchs by  Pope Alexander VI in recognition of their role in purifying the faith. Among Isabellas other religious pursuits, she took a special interest in the Poor Clares. an order of nuns. Isabella and Ferdinand planned to unify all of Spain by continuing a long-standing but stalled effort to expel the Moors, Muslims who held parts of Spain. In 1492, the Muslim Kingdom of Granada fell to Isabella and Ferdinand, thus completing the Reconquista. That same year, Isabella and Ferdinand issued an edict expelling all Jews in Spain who refused to convert to Christianity. New World Also in 1492, Christopher Columbus convinced Isabella to sponsor his first voyage of exploration. By the traditions of the time, when Columbus was the first European to encounter lands in the New World, these lands were given to Castile. Isabella took a special interest in the Native Americans of the new lands. When some were brought back to Spain as slaves, she insisted they be returned and freed, and her will expressed her wish that the Indians be treated with justice and fairness. Death and Legacy By her death on Nov. 26, 1504, Isabellas sons, grandsons, and her older daughter Isabella, queen of Portugal, had already died, leaving as Isabellas only heir Mad Joan Juana, who became queen of Castile in 1504 and of Aragon in 1516. Isabella was a patron of scholars and artists, establishing educational institutions and building a large collection of artwork. She learned Latin as an adult and was widely read, and she educated her daughters as well as her sons. The youngest daughter, Catherine of Aragon, became the first wife of Henry VIII of England and mother of Mary I of England. Isabellas will, the only writing that she left, summarizes what she thought were her reigns achievements as well as her wishes for the future. In 1958, the Roman Catholic church began the process to canonize Isabella.  After an exhaustive investigation, the commission appointed by the church determined that she had a reputation of sanctity and was inspired by Christian values. In 1974, she was recognized with the title Servant of God by the Vatican, a step in the process of canonization. Sources Isabella I: Queen of Spain. Encyclopedia Brittanica.Isabella I. Encyclopedia.com.

Discussion Question on Employment Pratices and legal Issues in Essay

Discussion Question on Employment Pratices and legal Issues in Diversity - Essay Example These federal laws are complimented and often strengthened by a host of state laws regulating discrimination and harassment in the workplace. Ultimately, such behavior is not only unethical, but can lead to severe legal and financial repercussions for a company and its managers. Employers have an obligation to ensure compliance with EEOC guidelines in the workplace, and to define the role of managers in this process. They can accomplish this, first and foremost, by keeping abreast of all of the applicable state and federal antidiscrimination laws. Training programs and workshops for managers should be designed and held on a regular basis in order to reinforce acceptable norms and behaviors for managers and coworkers. Employee and management handbooks should also clearly incorporate methods and approaches to maintaining a work environment that ensures equal access to opportunities for all current and prospective employees regardless of their immutable characteristics. The culture of the organization is often set from the top down, and this is an area where leadership by example will go a long way toward maintaining compliance with EEOC guidelines. Implementation of the ADA has affected the workplace in numerous way

Government 1 Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Government 1 - Dissertation Example Thus, if I discover that the government might be monitoring my e-mail and internet security, I would not only reduce the information I reveal on the internet, but I would also reduce the frequency at which I make use of the internet and try other means of communication. Freedom of expression should be allowed on the internet and there should not be any restriction on this (Atallah, 2010). This is due the fact that the internet has now become the main medium that people air their views, hence telling people that there is a limit to the way they can express themselves is like a violation on their fundamental human right. However, when the issue of the restriction of freedom of expression arises, there would be serious problems on the types of expression that should be restricted. There would be no standard yardstick as to the kind of things that people should be expected to talk about on the internet. Thus, it is not in any way desirable to restrict freedom of expression in any instanc e as people should be free to say anything they like on the internet. Reference Atallah, M. (2010). Privacy Enhancing Technologies: 10th International Symposium, PETS 2010, July 21-23, 2010, Berlin, Germany, Proceedings. New York: Springer.